Half Step

Half Step (a.k.a. semitone or half tone) — the smallest interval (pitch distance) on a piano, e.g. C to D flat (adjacent keys) or E to F
Whole Step (a.k.a. whole tone) — 2 half steps, e.g. C to D

Intervals (measured with half steps)

SCALES

Where are the half steps?

Major 5-finger Pattern:

2 2 1 2

–

Major Scale:

2 2 1 2 2 2 1

–

Minor 5-finger Pattern:

2 1 2 2

–

Natural Minor Scale:

2 1 2 2 1 2 2

–

sol

–

Harmonic Minor Scale:

2 1 2 2 1 3 1

–

sol

–

Melodic Minor Scale:

Ascending:

2 1 2 2 2 2 1

–

Descending =

Natural Minor

Chromatic Scale:

1 1 1 ...

Everywhere

Whole Tone Scale:

2 2 2 ...

Nowhere

Octatonic Scale (a.k.a. Diminished Scale):

2 1 2 1 ...

Every other interval

1 2 1 2 ...

CHORDS
Major Triad:	4 3	(Triad Snowpeople)
minor triad:	3 4
diminished triad:	3 3
Augmented Triad:	4 4

Dominant Seventh Chord:	4 3 3
Major Seventh Chord:	4 3 4
minor seventh chord:	3 4 3
diminished seventh chord:	3 3 3
half-diminished seventh chord:	3 3 4